Classification of Challenges of Home Businesses in Rural Areas of Sari County using an Integrated Technique of DEMATEL-ISM

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University

Abstract

Purpose- In many development programs in the third world, the expansion of small home businesses in rural areas has been mentioned as an efficient solution to advance the rural development process and improve the living conditions and income of rural residents. Therefore, the aim of this study is to prioritize the challenges of home business in rural areas of Sari County.
Design/methodology/approach- The present study is an applied and descriptive-analytical, for which the method of documentary and survey (questionnaire) were used. The statistical population of the research consists of experts of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism of Mazandaran Province and the Industry, Mine and Trade organization and the Agricultural Jihad organization in Sari County. Fifteen people were selected as a statistical sample. Six factors of economic and financial, infrastructure, education and innovation, insurance and law, marketing and skills were considered as home business challenges in rural areas of Sari County. In order to analyze the data, the combined DEMATEL method and interpretive structural modeling were used.
Findings- The results showed that education and innovation, insurance and law and skills barriers are at the highest level of the model, and economic and financial, marketing, and infrastructure barriers are at the lowest level of the model. According to MICMAC analysis, economic and financial, and marketing barriers with strong impact and weak dependence were identified as the most important challenges for home businesses in rural areas of Sari County.
Research limitations/implications - The absence of a comprehensive database for home businesses, especially in rural areas, poor cooperation of experts in completing the questionnaires is the limitation of this study. Creating and organizing a database of home-based businesses are suggested, especially in rural areas that have been less studied and arranging the study platform for other research in this field.
Practical implications- Supporting home-based businesses based on local and indigenous capacities and knowledge is a solution that not only promotes the production and creates jobs for the villagers, but also has positive social consequences.
Originality/value- The results of this research can be a guiding tool in the executive organizations in charge of issuing home business licenses (Agricultural Jihad Organization, Industry, Mining, and Trade Organization and Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization) and institutions supporting the vulnerable and poor groups (Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation and the Welfare Organization). It could also help the managers implement the prosperity of home businesses as effectively as possible.

Keywords


  1. Afrakhteh, H., Hajipur, M. &  Javan, F. (2018). Oil and Iran region's rural economic structure alteration. Journal of Applied Researches in Geographical Sciences, 18(50), 39-60. [In Persian] Doi: 29252/jgs.18.50.39.
  2. Agahi, H., Mirakzadeh, A.A. & Taghi Beigi, M. (2012). Prioritization of effective factors in the development of household jobs in West Islamabad. Quarterly Journal of Woman & Society, 3(11), 181-202. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=213927.
  3. Alavizadeh, S. & Mirlotfi, M.R. (2013). The role of non-agricultural economy on the sustainability of villagers in rural areas of Semirom city. Journal of Regional Planning, 3(10), 71-82. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=214168
  4. Ale Ebrahim, N., Ahmed, Sh. & Taha, Z. (2010). Virtala R&D team and SMEs growth: (Acomparative Study Between Iranian and Malaysian SMEs). African Journal of Business Management, 4(11), 2368-2379. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26983.
  5. Amiri, S., Naderi, N. & Mohammadi far, Y. (2019). Conceptualization of the challenges in home-based businesses in the villages of Kermanshah province. Journal of Rural Research, 10(2), 172-184. [In Persian] Doi: 22059/jrur.2019.276528.1333.
  6. Arayesh, M.B., Namamian, F., Slambolchi, A. & Rezaeirad, M. (2019). Typology of the mentality of rural women about promotion of rural entrepreneurship. Journal of Rural Research, 9(4), 536-551. [In Persian] Doi: 22059/jrur.2018.258215.1257.
  7. Azkia, M. & Dibaji Forooshani, Sh. (2016). Criticism the rural development plans in Iran. Quarterly of Social Studies and Research in Iran, 5(1), 103-125, Doi: 122059/jisr.2016.58378. [In Persian]
  8. Breen, J. (2010). Gender differences in home-based business ownership. Small Enterprise Research, 17(2), 124-136. Doi:10.5172/ser.17.2.124.
  9. Ebrahimi, M. & Khorshidi, Z. (2017). Use of dematel technique and ANP in the prioritization factors affecting stock selection in Tehran stock exchange. Journal of decision Engineering, 1(4), 29-52. [In Persian] https://jde.khu.ac.ir/article-1-45-fa.html.
  10. Faggio, G. & Silva, O. (2014). Self-employment and entrepreneurship in urban and rural labour markets. Journal of Urban Economics, 84, 67-85. http://dx.Doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2014.09.001.
  11. Fallah Tabar, N. (2018). Assessing the role of rural women in handicrafts and promoting sustainable rural development: (Case Study: Javadabad Varamin). Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, 10(2), 129-146. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=361535.
  12. Fatoki, O. (2014). The causes of the failure of new small and medium enterprises in South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(20), 922-927. Doi:5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p922.
  13. Galloway, L. & Kapasi, I. (2014). Rural home-based businesses and their contribution to rural lives: (an exploratory study). Rural Entrepreneurship Conference At: Shropshire, 1-20. Doi:10.13140/ 2.1.4172.9284.
  14. Gautam, Y. & Andersen, P. (2016). Rural livelihood diversification and household well-being: (insights from Humla Nepal). Journal of Rural Studies, 44, 239-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.jrurstud.2016.02.001.
  15. Gorji Mahlabani, Y. & Motevali Alamuti, Z. (2018). Assessment of the role of technical vocational education and training (TVET) in creating opportunities and capacities required at home businesses: (Case Study: Ghazvin). Technology of Education Journal, 12(1), 99-114. [In Persian] Doi: 22061/jte.2018.1753.1450.
  16. Izadi, B., Rezaei Moghaddam, K. & Asadollahpour, A. (2016). Influencing factors and obstacles for accomplishing entrepreneurship development in agricultural home-based businesses in villages of Shiraz. Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 12(1), 39-51. [In Persian] https://www.iaeej.ir/article_32133.html.
  17. Jaliliyan, S. & saadi, H. (2016). The role of rural women's home business and empowerment on family economic decision-making: (Case study: Islam-Abad Gharb county). Journal of Regional Planning, 6(21), 129-142. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=262357.
  18. Khosravipoor, B. & Dehghanpoor, M. (2015). Entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector through the creation and expansion of home-based businesses. Jouranal of Entrepreneursship in Agriculture, 2(3), 61-75. [In Persian] https://jead.gau.ac.ir/article_2663.html.
  19. Mason, C. & Carter, S. (2011). The characteristics of home-based businesses in the United Kingdom. Regional Studies, 45(5), 625-639. Doi: 10.1080/00343401003614241.
  20. Ming-Yen Teoh, W. & Chong, S.C. (2008). Improving women entrepreneurs in small and medium enterprises in Malaysia: policy recommendations. Communications of the IBIMA, 2, 31-38. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45258172.
  21. Mirakzadeh, A., khaledi, F., Shah Karami Rigi, Z. & Alah Vesi, M. (2017). Investigation of effective factors and barriers on development of non-agricultural activities with emphasis on home jobs: (Case Syudy: Ghory Ghale village). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 48(3), 533-545. [In Persian] Doi: 22059/ijaedr.2017.63993.
  22. Mirlotfi, M., Alavizadeh, S. & Badakhsh, Y. (2014). Pathology of the effects of home business development in rural areas: (Case Study: villages of Dishmuk district of Kohgiluyeh city). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 3(5), 1-11. [In Persian] https://civilica.com/doc/663811.
  23. Modarresi, M. (2018). Systematic analysis of factors affecting the growth of women's home businesses. Journal of Development Strategy, 14(55), 160-186. [In Persian] https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/1412634.
  24. Mohammadi, S. & Rostami, Kh. (2019). Develop strategies for diversifying the rural economy: (Case Study: Khavo Mirabad section in Marivan city), Journal of Space Economy & Rural Development, 8(2), 201-222. [In Persian] https://serd.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3324-fa.html.
  25. Moradi, M., Shafiei Sardasht, M. & Rahmani, H. (2013). A dematele method for identifying effective factors on investor decisions in acquisition of stocks: (Case Study: brokers at Mashhad city). Journal of Accounting and Auditing Review, 20(2), 87-108. [In Persian] Doi: 22059/acctgrev.2013.35631.
  26. Moradi Nejad, H. & Vahedi, M. (2019). Analyzing barriers of home businesses start up in rural areas of Ilam province. Journal of Agricultural Economics Research, 11(43), 303-318. [In Persian] http://www.agriis.ir/doc/47178.
  27. Motiee Langroodi, S.H., Faraji Sabokbar, H.A. & Hojat Shamami, S. (2019). Analysis of barriers and diversification capabilities of activities in rural economy: (Case Study: Rahmatabad section and blocks of Rudbar city). Journal of Space Economy & Rural Development, 8(1), 1-20. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=527059 .
  28. Naderi, N. & Amiri, S. (2018). Providing a local process model for the development of home businesses in Kermanshah province. Jouranal of Entrepreneursship in Agriculture, 2(5), 17-31. [In Persian] Doi:22069/jead.2018.14784.1320.
  29. Naderi Mahdei, K. & Teimouri, Z. (2017). Identifying solutions for the development of home women's rural workers town of Arak. Journal of Community Development, 9(2), 307-324. [In Persian] Doi:22059/jrd.2017.67456.
  30. Naderi Mahdei, K. & Vahdat Moadab, H. (2018). The effects of social capital components on the empowerment of the women engaged in home businesses: (Case Study: Razan). Women in Development and Politics, 2(16), 175-196. [In Persian] Doi: 22059/jwdp.2018.246253.1007315.
  31. Najafi, B. & Safa, L. (2014). Investigating entrepreneurial home businesses and obstacles and challenges of their development in rural areas. Jouranal of Entrepreneursship in Agriculture, 1(2), 61-73. [In Persian] https://jead.gau.ac.ir/article_1845.html.
  32. Newbery, R. & Bosworth, G. (2010). Home‐based business sectors in the rural economy. Society and Business Review, 5(2), 183-197. Doi: 10.1108/17465681011055596
  33. Oghabaei, F., Estelaji, A. & Kardavani, P. (2019). Explaining entrepreneurial capabilities in rural areas Case study of Sabalan region. Geography, 17(60), 33-46. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=527913.
  34. Omidi, S. & Chaharsoghi Amin, H. (2018). The role of small home businesses in reducing the poverty of rural households in Mehran. Journal of Space Economy & Rural Development, 7(23), 167-182. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=527242.
  35. Pendar, M. & Vesi, R. (2020). Assessing the types of risks in the interest-free banking system, the combined method of Dematel and Ism. Journal of Financial Economics, 14(51), 29-54. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=530555.
  36. Philip, L. & Williams, F. (2019). Remote rural home-based businesses and digital inequalities: understanding needs and expectations in a digitally underserved community. Journal of Rural Studies, 68, 306-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.09.011
  37. Rahmanian koushki, M., Zarei, A. & Estelaji, A. (2017). On the analysis of barriers in front of domestic entrepreneurship in rural areas with emphasis on resistive economy to deprived areas from basiji jihadist students' points of view: (Case Study: Kamfiroz rural district, Marvdasht county). Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning, 12(2), 249-265. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=308238.
  38. Rahmani Fazli, A., Azizpur, F. & Shamanian, M. (2019). Analysis of entrepreneurship development capacities in the rural area of ​​Damghan. Journal of Space Economy & Rural Development, 8(28), 133-156. [In Persian] https://serd.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3321-fa.html.
  39. Ravi, V., Shankar, R. & Tiwari, M.K. (2005). Productivity improvement of a computer hardware supply Chain. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 54(4), 239- 255. Doi:1108/17410400510593802.
  40. Reuschke, D. & Mason, C. (2020). The engagement of home-based businesses in the digital economy. Futures, 117. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2020.102542.
  41. Saadi, H. & Heidari, F. (2013). Home business cooperatives in Hamedan province(challenges and solutions). Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 6(1), 87-104. [In Persian] https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_36250.html.
  42. Seyfi Farzad, H., Ahmadypoor, Z., Hafezniya, M. & Moradian, M. (2019). Interpretive structural modeling of factors affecting sustainable citizen security. Journal Sustainable City, 2(3), 111-125. [In Persian] Doi: 22034/jsc.2020.197702.1097.
  43. Sharifzadeh, A., Khajeh Shahkohi, A., Abdollahzadeh, Gh. & Sharifi, M. (2014). Diagnosing development of rural family eterprises in Golestan province. Journal of Rural Research, 5(1), 1-24. [In Persian] Doi: 22059/jrur.2014.51444.
  44. Sojasi Ghidari, H., Khoob, Sh., Hoseni Kahnoog, S.R. & Moradi, K. (2018). The effects of rural economy diversification on the livelihood of villagers in Radkan village of Chenaran city. Journal of Space Economy & Rural Development, 7(24), 41-70. [In Persian] https://serd.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3094-fa.html.
  45. Taghibaygi, M., Agahi, H. & Mirakzadeh, A.A. (2014). A study of barriers and suitable solution in development of rural household jobs from the perspective of rural women and expert in the city of west Islamabad. Journal of Rural Research, 5(2), 283-310. [In Persian] Doi: 22059/jrur.2014.52472.
  46. Taleshi, M. & Shabnama, M. (2017). The role of social and economic factors in urban rural migration in Noor Ali Bey Saveh area. Geography, 15(54), 43-60. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=316194.
  47. Tavakoli Kajani, H., Estelaji, A. & Ranjbar, M. (2019). Evaluation of changes in urban-rural connections in the regional sustainable development system: (Case study of Rey city and sphere of influence). Geography, 17(63), 216-230. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=528183.
  48. Vakilolroaya, Y., Shafiei Nikabadi, M. & Masaeli, Sh. (2018). Factors affecting the establishment of production cooperatives based on rural home and family businesses in Semnan province. Journal of Space Economy & Rural Development, 7(3), 51-66. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=527431.
  49. Velaei, M., Karimzade, H. & Manafi Azar, R. (2018). Analysis of barriers to small business development in rural areas of Miandoab city. Journal of Space Economy & Rural Development, 7(3), 183-208. [In Persian] https://elmnet.ir/article/1967797-38342.
  50. Yaghoubi Farani, A. & Jalilian, S. (2015). Economic and social effects of rural women's home-based jobs in West Islamabad. Journal of Space Economy & Rural Development, 4(2), 93-113. [In Persian] https://elmnet.ir/article/1428478-81671.
  51. Yaghoubi Farani, A., Vahdat Moaddab, H. & Latifi, S. (2014). Identifying Inhibitions of rural women’s trend to home businesses: (Case Study: Sardrod district, Razan county). Journal of Women in Development and Politics, 11(4), 559-574. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=221449.
  52. Zangisheh, K., Estelaji, A. & Fallahtabar, N. (2018). Explaining the viability of villages in the metropolitan area of ​​Tehran: (Case Study: Varamin). Geography, 16(58), 214-239. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=528652.
  53. Zarei, Y. & Estelaji, A. (2017). Measuring rural development using fuzzy logic: (Case Study: Villages of Bushehr province). Geography, 15(54), 23-42. [In Persian] https://www.magiran.com/paper/1775885.
  54. Zinati Fakhrabad, H. & Bokha, F. (2016). Investigating the capacities of home business development in the process of empowering rural women: (Case Study: Karaj). Journal of New Ideas in Science and Technology, 1(3), 26-38. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=308655.
CAPTCHA Image