Proposing a Model for the Design of Post-Disaster Temporary Housing Based on the Needs of the Injured with Post-Implementation Evaluation Approach (Case Study: Earthquake-Stricken Villages in Heris of East Azerbaijan)

Document Type : علمی

Authors

• Maziar Asefi
• Shahin Farrokhi

Tabriz Islamic Art University

10.22067/jrrp.v7i1.64121

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to design a temporary housing pattern tailored to the needs of the injured after a natural disaster.
Design/methodology/approach: This study had an applied objective and employed a descriptive-analytical method with an approach to survey and post-implementation evaluation. The criteria for temporary accommodation design were collected through library research and the victims’ satisfaction of these criteria was considered through field research. The criteria included socio-cultural, physical-functional and technical-structural elements. Field research was carried out in 10 villages of Heris County, East Azerbaijan, which were destroyed completely by earthquake in 2012. Field research was conducted through user-oriented procedures of questionnaires, interviews and field observations. In total, the criteria were evaluated in separate tables based on the Likert spectrum.
Findings: The results indicated that the victims were dissatisfied with temporary resettlement after the earthquake in all three criteria.
Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of this study was the high cost of numerous visits to villages and low willingness of their inhabitants to cooperate with interviewers and answer the questions for various reasons.
Practical implications: Improvement strategies were proposed to enhance the quality temporary housing through organized interviews with the injured. Suggestions made by experts led to proposing some improvement strategies as well. Finally, the design of the temporary housing model was put forward in accordance with these solutions.
Originality/value: This article initiated an innovative design of temporary housing which was tailored to the needs of those who had experienced the disaster based on their perceptions, not merely based on existing theoretical foundations.

Keywords

• Key words: Design
• pattern
• Earthquake
• temporary housing
• earthquake-stricken villages of Heris
• East Azerbaijan

---

References

1. Asadi Nazari, M. (1383/2004). Planning and locating temporary accommodation camps for earthquake survivors; case study: district 1, Shiraz (Unpublished master’s thesis). University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]

2. Asefi, M. (March 2009(. Evaluation of the management of disaster architecture: Design criteria of temporary and permanent housing. Paper presented at the International Conference on Disaster Management & Civil Defense for National Resiliency, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]

3. Asefi, M., & Ahmadnejad, M. (1395/2016). Technology of movable architecture: Theoretical and practical principles of transformable architecture. Tehran: Parhamnaghsh Press. [In Persian]

4. Asefi, M., & Farokhi, Sh. (1395/2016). Assessment of temporary settlement after the earthquake and solutions for quality improvement according to the needs of victims. Case study: Sarand-Harris village. Journal of Rural Research, 7(1), 55-80. [In Persian]

5. Asefi, M., Farrokhi, Sh., & Nesarnobari, M. (1396/2017). The evaluation of architectural flexibility methods in small-scale residential buildings. Journal of Iranian Architecture & Urbanism, 8 (13), 91-108. [In Persian]

6. Bahreini, H., & Akhundi, A. (1379/2000). Management of the reconstruction of areas damaged by natural disasters (The experience of residential reconstruction in earthquake-stricken areas in Gilan and Zanjan, 1990-1992). Tehran: Tehran University Press. [In Persian]

7. Bahrololumi, Z., & Omidi Avaj, M. (November 2014). An investigation into temporary settlement of victims after disasters (according to the latest studies). Paper presented at the Second International Congress of Structure, Architecture and Urban Development, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran. [In Persian]

8. Barghi, H., Hashemi, P., & Jafari, N. (1396/2017). Measurement of environmental resilience of villages at risk of earthquakes (Case study: Mojezat village in Zanjan). Journal of Rural Planning and Research, 6(1), 81-97. [In Persian]

9. Bemanian, M., & Bakhtyarian, N. (1392/2013). A comparison of the capacity of ICF with LSF to construct temporary housing in post-earthquake critical situations. Journal of Crisis Management, 4, 43-50. [In Persian]

10. Dadash pour, H., Khodabakhsh, H., & Rafiyan, M. (1391/2012). Spatial analysis and location of temporary accommodation centers using an integration of the analytical network process (ANP) and the geographic information system (GIS). Journal of Geography and Environmental Hazards, 1, 111-131. [In Persian]

11. Fallahi, A. (1386/2007). Architecture of temporary settlements after accidents. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University press. [In Persian]

12. Johnson, C. (2007). Impacts of prefabricated temporary housing after disaster: 1999 earthquakes in Turkey. Habitat International, 31, 36-52.

13. Khodadadeh, Y., & Ziaee, M. (1387/2008). Investigation into the problems of existing tents for temporary settlement of earthquake survivors in Iran and presentation of the proposed springy tent. Journal of Fine Arts, 33, 57-68. [In Persian]

14. Khorram, M., Tayarani Najaran, M., & Sadeghi Naeini, H. (1393/2014). Temporary shelter design criteria with a seismic approach; case study: Khorasan Razavi. Journal of Iranian Architecture and Urbanization Society, 7, 95-106. [In Persian]

15. Mohammad zadeh, R. & Farokhi, Sh. (1394/2015). A phenomenological evaluation of the temporary housing from women’s view in the earthquake-stricken Choubanlar Sardarlo-Heris village. Journal of Rural Housing and Environment, 152, 69-84. [In Persian]

16. Nickravan Monfared, M. (1386/2007). Designing a model of fast mounted temporary housing. Journal of Construction Engineering and Housing Sciences, 5(10), 73-87. [In Persian]

17. Omidvar, B., Qasemi, R., & Zafari, H. (1386/2007). A method of temporary settlement and its native solutions in Lorestan earthquake. Sufeh Magazine, 54, 38-53. [In Persian]

18. Quarantelli, E. L. (1995). Patterns of sheltering and housing in US disasters. Disaster prevention and management: an international journal, 4(3), 43-53. ‏ [In Persian]

19. Sadeghi Jadidi, A., Goli, A., & Hatef, N. (1395/2016). Evaluation of vulnerability of rural homes to the earthquake with an approach to crisis management in Fars province. Journal of Rural Research and Planning, 5(4), 107-118. [In Persian]

20. Saedi Khameneh, S., & Hosseini, B. (1389/2010). An analysis and investigation into women’s priorities dwelling in types of temporary accommodations (Case study: Municipality district 9, Tehran). Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning, 5, 5-24. [In Persian]

21. Salimi, M., Shahbaz Moradi, S., & Bamdad Sufi, J. (1387/2008). Design and construction of a Likert scale with a research approach to management. Journal of Management Knowledge, 21(80), 41-60. [In Persian]

22. Sartipipour, M. (1390/2011). Architecture with paper materials; implementation of contemporary buildings after an accident. Journal of Rural Housing and Environment, 134, 19-34. [In Persian]

23. Shafaei, M., & Madani, R. (1390/2011). Explanation of the research methodology for designing a rural housing pattern. Utopia, 7, 17-30. [In Persian]