ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigating the Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in Achieving Sustainable Rural Development (Case Study: Golestan Province)
Purpose- The importance of non-governmental organizations in underdeveloped or developing countries such as Iran is more than anything due to the ability of such organizations in advancing culture in the most basic sectors of society. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of non-governmental organizations in Golestan province in achieving sustainable rural development.
Design/methodology/approach- This research is descriptive-correlative. The experts of consulting firms of Golestan province constituted the statistical population (n=706) of whom 249 were selected as the sample using stratified random sampling method. The validity of the research instrument was evaluated by faculty members and experts. The pre-test and questionnaire validation were conducted by giving the questionnaires to 30 subjects other than the statistical sample. A Cronbach's alpha of 0.88 was calculated for the reliability coefficient.
Finding- According to the results, collective performance of tasks, the use of information and communication technology in providing services, the promotion of skills in producers and beneficiaries of the agricultural sector, improvement of agricultural knowledge in producers and beneficiaries, agricultural technical-vocational training, teaching of management skills and administration of entrepreneurial business along with group dynamics were the major roles of non-governmental organizations in achieving sustainable rural development. The results showed that the communicative and economic knowledge factor and economy with a specific value of 6.86 had the highest power in explaining variables, followed by the educational-promotional factor with a specific value of 6.38 and the social-facilitating factor with a specific value of 5.97. In total, about 65.2% of the total variance was explained.
Practical implications- In order to achieve sustainable rural development, it is suggested that non-governmental organizations play their roles in raising income and improving the living standards of farmers, accessing resources and facilities for providing services, diversifying agricultural and agricultural activities, reducing costs and establishing contact with farmers. It also promotes the level of knowledge and skills of producers and beneficiaries in the agricultural sector.
https://jrrp.um.ac.ir/article_32385_30ec64d73d55884fcd72dc4965ff5916.pdf
2019-08-01
1
12
10.22067/jrrp.v8i3.71149
Non-government organization
consultancy services companies experts
rural sustainable development
Golstan Province
Reza
Dinpanah
dinpanah57@yahoo.com
1
Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Roghayyeh
Ghezalseflo
nasim.ghezelsofloo@yahoo.com
2
Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University
AUTHOR
1. APO. (2005). APO study meeting on enhancing food certification system. For better marketing. 7-12 February 2005, Islamabad, Pakistan. Retrieved from http://www.apo-tokyo.org/projreps_acd/12_04-AG_GESEM_15.pdf.
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2. Azizul, H., & Ahmed, F. (2013). The role of NGOs in the sustainable development in Bangladesh. Present Environment and Sustainable Development, 7(3), 59-72.
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6. Lekorwe, M., & Mpabanga, D. (2007). Managing non-governmental organization in Botswana. The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, 12(3), 1-18.
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8. Moghanizadeh, M. H. (2002). Institutional NGOs to organize participatory civil society. Proceedings of the role of non-governmental organizations in the field of national and international activities of Tehran. Office of Political Studies and Research of the Ministry of the Interior, 25-33. [In Persian].
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10. Ritvo, R.A. (2014). NGOs in Ukraine: Growing amid growing concern. International NGO Journal, 9(2), 26-28.
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11. Rouknedin Eftekhary, A., Sojasi Qeidari, H., & Sadeghloo, T. (2013). Content analyses of rural sustainable development position in plans after the Islamic Revolution. Human Geography Research Quarterly, 45(3), 19-38 . [In Persian].
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12. Saeidi, M. R. (2002). Obstacles to the growth and expansion of nongovernmental organizations in Iran (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University. [In Persian].
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13. Shakori, A. (2001). Research on the development and inequality in rural areas (Selected Villages in Marand County). Journal of Geographical Studies, 33(41), 53-69. [In Persian].
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16. Streeten, P. (1997). Nongovernmental organization and development. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 554, 193-210.
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18. Varmazyari, H., & Hosseini, M. (2009). An investigation of participation of pastoralists of the dishmook district on rural development projects. Journal of Geography and Environmental Planning, 35(3), 101-118. [In Persian].
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Dynamic Poverty Analysis in Rural Areas of Iran
Purpose- With increasing governmental revenue and budgets, their responsibility for community development and growth has increased. The first step to policy-making in order to attain the desired welfare levels is identify and measure the related indicators such as poverty in the best possible way. In Iran, most of conducted poverty surveys due to the lack of panel data cannot decompose households to transient and chronic poverty group. In this situation, the Synthetic panel data is a useful and new approach to estimates of poverty mobility in countries with only cross-sectional statistics. Therefore, based on this method we calculated the poverty dynamic of rural areas in Iran.
Design/methodology/approach- The present study, initially calculates the absolute poverty line of rural areas in Iran in 2012, 2015 and 2016, and then calculates the status of mobility of poverty during those years based on Synthetic panel data approach.
Finding- The results of the estimation of probability functions for studying poverty dynamics indicated that in rural areas of Iran there was a kind of state dependence in poverty. According to the results, there is a dependency state in the rural poverty situation, where more than 86% of the households who were poor in 2016 were also poor (non-poor) during the first period (2012 or 2015) and only with the probability of less than 14% of the poor (non-poor) households during the past years was in the non-poor (poor) state.
https://jrrp.um.ac.ir/article_32388_9b5a5a5ea8eb9464679848465c1992d6.pdf
2019-08-01
13
25
10.22067/jrrp.v8i3.72911
Poverty Measurement
Dynamic Poverty
Synthetic Panel Data
rural areas
Iran
Fateme
Garivani
fgrivani@yahoo.com
1
Ferdowsi Uinversity of Mashhad
AUTHOR
Mohammad Taher
Ahmadi Shadmehri
shadmehri@um.ac.ir
2
Ferdowsi Uinversity of Mashhad
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Ali
Fallahi
fallahi@um.ac.ir
3
Ferdowsi Uinversity of Mashhad
AUTHOR
Hossein
Raghfar
h.raghfar@alzahra.ac.ir
4
Al-Zahra University
AUTHOR
1. Banks, J., Richard, B., & Agar, B. (2001). Risk pooling, precautionary saving and consumption growth. Review of Economic Studies, 68(4), 757-779. (DOI): 10.1111/1467-937X.00189.
1
2. Bourguignon, F., Goh, C., & Ki, G. (2004). Estimating Individual Vulnerability to Poverty with Pseudo-Panel Data. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper. No.(3375). The World Bank. (DOI): 10.1596/1813-9450-3375.
2
3. Dang, H. A., & Lanjouw, P. (2013). Measuring poverty dynamics with synthetic panels based on Cross sections. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No.(6504). The World Bank.
3
4. Dang, H. A., & Lanjouw, P. (2014). Welfare dynamics measurement: Two definitions of a vulnerability line. World Bank Policy Research Paper. No.(6944). The World Bank. (DOI): 10.1111/roiw.12237.
4
5. Dang, H. A., Lanjouw, P., & Swinkels, R. (2014). Who remained in poverty, who moved up, and who fell down an investigation of poverty dynamics in Senegal in the Late 2000s. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper. No.(7141). The World Bank. (DOI): 10.1093/ acprof:oso/ 97801 98797692. 003.0008.
5
6. Dang, H. A., Lanjouw, P., Luoto, J., & McKenzie, M. (2014). Using repeated cross-sections to explore movements in and out of poverty. Journal of Development Economics, 107, 112-128. (DOI): 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.10.008.
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7. Deaton, A. (1985). Panel data from time series of cross-sections. Journal of Econometrics, 30, 109- 126. (DOI): 10.1016/0304-4076(85)90134-4
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8. Goshu, D. (2013). The dynamic of poverty and vulnerability in rural Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Economics, xxll(2), 1-19.
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9. Haughton, J., & Khandker, S. R. (Eds.). (2009). Handbook on poverty and inequality. World Bank. ISBN: 978-0-8213-7613-3 Retrieved from www.worldbank.org. (DOI): 10.1596/978-0-8213-7613-3.
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10. Jarvis, S., & Jenkins, S. P. (1997). Low income dynamics in 1990s Britain. Fiscal Studies, 18(2), 123-142.
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11. Jenkins, J. (2000). The Phonology of English as an International Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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12. Jenkins, S., & Rigg, J. (2001). The dynamics of poverty in Britain: Department for Work and Pensions. Research Report 157.
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13. McKenzie, D. (2004). Asymptotic theory for heterogeneous dynamic pseudo-panels. Journal of Econometrics, 120(2), 235–262.
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14. Pencavel, J. (2007). Earnings inequality and market work in husband–wife families. In Aspects of Worker Well-Being (pp. 1-37). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
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15. Ravallion, M. (1998). Poverty lines in theory and practice. The World Bank.
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16. Shen, L., Zhang, C., Wang, T., Brooks, S., Ford, R. J., Lin-Lee, Y. C., ... & Cowell, J. (2006). Development of autoimmunity in IL-14α-transgenic mice. The Journal of Immunology, 177(8), 5676-5686.
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17
18. Whelan, C. T., Layte, R., & Maitre, B. (2002). Multiple deprivation and persistent poverty in the European Union. Journal of European Social Policy, 12(2), 91-105.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigating and Analyzing Factors Causing the Spreading out of Rural Poverty in Miyandoab County through the Application of Q Technique
Purpose- The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors causing the spreading out the poverty in rural areas of thcounty of Miyandoab. knowledge of the extent of poverty affecting the community and the factors affecting it are important issues in the formulation of poverty reduction programs.
Design/methodology/approach- The current research is exploratory and descriptive-analytical and follows a hybrid approach. However, the present research adopts a quantitative approach in (Q) and a qualitative approach, and in the process of factor analysis. The philosophical framework is a kind of interpretive paradigm-positivism, and is a field research the community of discourse includes rural managers (governors, heads of government departments, County Department, rural directors and Dehyars), experts and local experts in the County of Miyandoab. The discourse community was identified through targeted sampling (snowball) and the (Q) collection (41 items) was arranged by 28 members of the statistical community. For data and information analysis, Stephenson's factor analysis was used based on an individual basis.
Findings- Findings of the research showed that the Spreading out of rural poverty are: 1) Low economic power And inappropriate macro policies of the state, 2) Social barriers, insufficient service and investment insufficiency, 3) Environmental hazards and the level of education and awareness, 4) The weak sources of sustainable earnings and marketing mechanisms, (5) Natural sources of inappropriate production and limited spatial flows, and (6) Vulnerability of income sources and the weakness of support institutions (insurance, etc.). Among them, the first factor with a specific amount of 7.17 and a %25.64 variance was identified as the most important factor affecting rural poverty in Miyandoab County.
Research limitations/implications- The most important Constraints of this research were the lack of cooperation of the authorities in the process of completing the questionnaire, and the lack of accurate statistics on rural poverty.
Practical implications- The most important ways that can improve the growing situation of the poor in the study area include diversification into rural economies, improvement of economic infrastructure and change in government policies in the field of creating new and small rural businesses.
Originality/value- Few studies have been conducted in this area. Therefore, consideration of the phenomenon of rural poverty and the factors influencing its expansion with the Q method is essential for accurate and logical planning by planning organizations such as the Ministry of the Interior, the Deputy Rural and Nomad Committee, and academic researchers.
https://jrrp.um.ac.ir/article_32419_46c26abdf66c76bcba18f2c2f869c59c.pdf
2019-08-01
27
44
10.22067/jrrp.v8i3.73055
Rural Poverty"
" Poverty factors"
" Q methodology"
" Miandoab County
Mir Sattar
Sadr Mousavi
ssadr@tabrizu.ac.ir
1
Tabriz University
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Aghayari Hir
aghayarihir@gmail.com
2
Tabriz University
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Valaei
valaei.mohammad@yahoo.com
3
Tabriz University
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Abdollahi, A., Valaei, M., & Anvari, A. (2013). Assessing the impact of social capital on reducing rural poverty (Case: Ghepchaq Village). Journal of Rural Economy and Rural Development, 2(4), 152-133. [In Persian]
1
2. Achia, T.N.O.,Wangombe, A., & Khadioli, N.(2010). A logistic regression model to identify key determinants of poverty using demographic and health survey data. Journal of European Social Sciences, 13(1), 38-45.
2
3. Alkire, S., & Seth, S. (2015). Multidimensional poverty reduction in India between 1999 and 2006: Where and how? World Dev, 72, 93-108.
3
4. Arif, G. M., & Shujaat, F.(2011). Dynamics of rural poverty in Pakistan: Evidence from three waves of the panel survey. Pakistan Institute of Development Economics Islamabad, 53(2),1-31.
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5. Arshadi, A., & Karimi, A. (2014). Determining the absolute poverty status in Iran from the First Development Plan to the Fourth Development Plan. Journal of Strategic and Magnetic Policies, 1(1), 42-23. [In Persian].
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6. Barbier, E. B. (2015). Climate change impacts on rural poverty in low-elevation coastal zones, Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 165 (5), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2015.05.035
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8. Binam, J. N., Oduol, J., Olarinde, L., Diagne, A., & Adekunle, A. (2011). Determinants and prevalence of rural poverty in West, East and Southern African Countries, Modern Economy, 02(03), 308-323. DOI: 10.4236/me.2011.23034
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9. Boshaq, M. R., Taghdisi, A., & Taghvaei, M. (2015). Providing a model for explaining poverty in rural areas (Case: Cahar and Mahal Bakhtyari). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 4(3), 11. [In Persian].
9
10. Chen, X.W., Peia, Z.Y., Chen, A. L., Wang, F., Shen, K.,Qiao, F., & Zhoub, L. (2015). Spatial distribution patterns and influencing factors of poverty– A case study on key country from national contiguous special povertystricken areas in china. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 26, 82 - 90.
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11. Christiaensen, L,. Joachim, D, Weerdt,. T, Yasuyuki. (2013). Urbanization and Poverty Reduction, The Role of Rural Diversification and Secondary Towns. The World Bank Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist, Public Disclosure Authorized
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12. Danayeifard, H. Hosseini, S. Y., & Sheikha, R. (2013). Q methodology: Theoretical foundations and framework for research. Tehran: Saffar Publications. [In Persian].
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13. Dedvarkhanei, F., Salmni, M., Farhadi, S., & Zaras, Z. (2011). Good governance is a strategy for reducing rural poverty. Quarterly of New Attitudes in Human Geography, 3(4), 103-120. [In Persian].
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14. Eftekhari, S.F., Karami, A., & Mahdi, N. (2012). Study of poverty status in rural areas of Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Province. Agricultural Economics, 1(21), 204-179. [In Persian].
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17. Gregory, D. (2009). The dictionary of human geography (5th ed.). Place of publication: A John Wiley & Sons Publication .
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18. Grivani, F., Ahmadi Shadmehri, M. T., & Fallahi, M. AS. (2013). The study of poverty factors of rural households in North Khorasan. Journal of Village and Development, 16(3), 125-145. [In Persian].
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19. Hilary, W., Hoynes, M, E., & Ann, H. S. (2006). Poverty in America: Trends and explanations, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(1), 47- 68.
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20. Imai, K. S., Gaiha, R., & Thapa, G. (2015). Does non-farm sector employment reduce rural poverty and vulnerability? Evidence fromVietnam and India. Journal of Asian Economics, 36, 47–61. doi.org/10.1016/j.asieco.2015.01.001
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21. International Labour Office, (ILO). (2015). Global evidence on inequities in rural health protection: new data on rural deficits in health coverage for 174 countries. In: Scheil-Adlung, Xenia (Ed.), Extension of Social Security Series, 47, 1-69
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49
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50
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Social Capital Aspects on Entrepreneurial Behavior of the Members of Rural Women Cooperatives in Mazandaran Province
Purpose- Women play a significant and growing role in business development and their entrepreneurship has attracted so much attention throughout the world. Since women entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behavior are influenced by several factors, the present study aims to explore the impact of social capital and its components on entrepreneurial behavior of rural women who were members of cooperatives across Mazandaran province, Iran.
Design/methodology/approach- The statistical population was composed of 1396 members of 11 rural women cooperatives out of which 320 individuals were taken as the research sample using proportionately allocated stratified technique based on Krejcie and Morgan’s table. Data were collected with a self-designed questionnaire composed of two sections for social capital in five aspects and entrepreneurial behavior in six aspects. The validity of the research instrument was checked by a panel of experts and its reliability was estimated by Cronbach’s alpha to be 0.921 for social capital section and 0.905 for entrepreneurial behavior section. Data were analyzed in descriptive and inferential sections using SPSS and LISREL software packages.
Findings- The social participation aspect of social capital and the resource supply aspect of entrepreneurial behavior were ranked the first. The qualitative assessment of social capital and entrepreneurial behavior showed that they were at a satisfactory level among the members of rural women cooperatives. According to the path coefficient calculated in the structural equations (0.9), social capital plays a significant role in entrepreneurial behavior among the members of rural women cooperatives. Also, the results of structural equations revealed that intra-group social participation was the most important aspect of social capital in terms of the influence on the entrepreneurial behavior of rural women.
Research limitations/implications- The dispersion of rural women cooperatives across the province and difficult access to their members to fill the questionnaire were the main constraints of the study.
Practical implications- Entrepreneurial behavior can be strengthened and developed by improving social capital through communication of cooperatives with other agencies and institutions involved in rural affairs such as other successful cooperatives, regular meetings to clarify the activities of cooperatives, and the enhancement of women’s awareness of opportunity recognition and decision-making through holding training workshops and courses of practical entrepreneurship.
Originality/value - The results can be used by relevant organizations to develop and accomplish pre-determined goals for rural women cooperatives through strengthening the issue of entrepreneurship.
https://jrrp.um.ac.ir/article_32438_63ade283a5dfdd9734aa9793cb37d025.pdf
2019-08-01
45
58
10.22067/jrrp.v8i3.74844
Social capital
Social participation
Entrepreneurial Behavior
Rural Women's Cooperatives
Amir
Ahmadpour
ahmadpour@iausari.ac.ir
1
Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Arab
fatemeharab5953@gmail.com
2
Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Shahraki
m.rshahraki@yahoo.com
3
Gorgan University
AUTHOR
1. Adam, F., & Roncevic, B. (2003). Social capital: Recent debates and research trends. Social Science Information, 42, 155-183.
1
2. Adler, P.S. (2002). Social capital prospect for a new concept. Academy of Management Review, 12(1), 17-40.
2
3. Ado, A., Su, Z., & Wanjiru, R. (2016). Learning and knowledge transfer in Africa-China JVs: Interplay between informalities, culture, and social capital. Journal of International Management, 11, Available online.
3
4. Ahmadi, F., Shafeie, F., & Mafakherinia, F. (2012). The effect of personal and environmental factors on entrepreneurship behavior among the students in Kordestan University. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 5(1), 145-163. [In Persian].
4
5. Alvani, M., Nategh, T., & Farahi, M. (2007). The role of social capital in knowledge management development. Journal of Iranian Management Science, 2(5), 35-70. [In Persian].
5
6. Anvari, S. (2012). Rural women’s empowerment to manage agricultural and domestic waste to produce vermicompost. Monthly Magazine of Barzgar (Farmer), 32(107), 32-35. [In Persian].
6
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41
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of the Effects of Housing Quality on Health (Physical and Mental) of Villagers (Case Study: Villages of Shandiz District in Binaloud County)
Purpose- Quality and living conditions of humans are heavily reliant on their housing. A suitable shelter will prevent illness and damage to a large extent and plays a crucial role in promoting people's mental and physical condition. This study seeks to analyze and evaluate the effects of improving the quality of housing on promoting the physical and mental health of villagers.
Design/methodology/approach- This is an applied research that adopts a descriptive-analytical method. The main data collection instrument is a questionnaire. The studied area is Shandiz district in Binalud town, Khorasan Razavi Province. The statistical population of this research consists of 11 villages, which according to 2017 Census accommodated 5921 households. The sample size was estimated at n=190 using the Cochran formula with an error of 0.07%. Data gathering tool comprised interview, field questionnaire and observation. The questionnaire items were designed based on a Likert scale. For the analysis of data, descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation test, single sample t-test and regression) were used in the SPSS software. The villages were ranked by WASPAS analysis (the weighing in WASPAS analysis is based on entropy).
Findings- The results of Pearson correlation test showed that the quantitative (0.549), physical (0.513), the socio-cultural (0.505), and the environmental (0.522) dimension were significantly correlated with mental- psychological health. With regard to the physical health, there was only a direct and weak relationship with the physical dimensions (0.149). As for the health variable, the quantitative (0.651), physical (0.623), socio-cultural (0.605) and environmental (0.596) dimensions had a strong direct relationship, meaning that as dimensions of the quality of housing improves, the health of villagers is affected and their physical and mental health is promoted. The results of pathway analysis showed that among independent variables (quantitative, physical, socio-cultural and environmental variables) the quantitative dimension had the highest effect on dependent variable (physical and mental health) with a value of 0.564.
Practical implications- According to the results, improving the quality of housing will promote the mental and psychologic health of villagers.
Originality/value- Selecting a suitable rural housing model can definitely yield positive outcomes for promotion of health standards both in physical and mental dimensions.
https://jrrp.um.ac.ir/article_32458_568e7597c09a3fe9ff9fbda0d9973220.pdf
2019-08-01
59
80
10.22067/jrrp.v8i3.75497
rural texture
psycological and physical health
house quality
rural area
Shandis district
Tahereh
Sadeghloo
tsadeghloo@yahoo.com
1
Ferdowsi Uinversity of Mashhad
LEAD_AUTHOR
Soudabeh
Ahmadi
ahmadi.soodabe@gmail.com
2
Ferdowsi Uinversity of Mashhad
AUTHOR
Hamideh
Mahmoudi
ha.ma2007@yahoo.com
3
Ferdowsi Uinversity of Mashhad
AUTHOR
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65
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of the Effects of the Guide Plans on the Modernization of Lifestyles in Rural Households (Case Study: Central District of Darab County, Iran)
Purpose- In recent decades, several activities have been carried out in the form of development projects to develop rural settlements in Iran. One of the most important of these is the implementation of the guide plans. This plan, with its various actions, has caused widespread changes in various dimensions of rural life. The present study investigated the effects of this project on the changes in the lifestyle of the rural community in the central district of Darab county.
Design/methodology/approach- The present research is descriptive in terms of describing the characteristics of the society studied and analytical in terms of investigating the relationship between the actions level of guide plans and the lifestyle. In this respect, the required field data are provided using observations, interviews, and questionnaires. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, spatial analysis and SAW model, and Expert Choice, SPSS and ArcGIS software are used.
Findings- The results of the research confirmed that there are significant differences between the level of changes in different dimensions of lifestyle, and the greatest changes are in the style of construction. On the other hand, the results of a Pearson correlation showed a positive relationship between the actions level of all executive components of the guide plans with a modernization level of the villagers’ lifestyle. Based on the results of the linear regression test, it was found that approximately 41% of the total changes in modernization can be predicted through the action level of the guide plan.
Research limitations / implications- Owing to the different effects of the guide plans on lifestyle changes in different age groups and genders, the attention of researchers to the needs of different villagers is necessary.
Practical implications- It is imperative to pay more attention to the efficiency of the environment being built in order to respond appropriately to the lifestyles of the present and future generations and more attention is required on the part of designers and conductors of guide plans to create a suitable platform for the development of communication technology in the villages, which will create a variety of changes in the modernization of the lifestyle of the households residing in them.
Originality/value- This research will be important to provide guidance for good feedback, and to make plans for problems. Because it can take positive steps in making future projects as good as possible and such an approach will be effective to recognize prior strategies and design future policies.
https://jrrp.um.ac.ir/article_32482_89f7e1173d4165ca6a954e8fabeb441f.pdf
2019-08-01
81
98
10.22067/jrrp.v8i3.76689
lifestyle
Modernization
rural household
Guide plan
Sadegh
Asghari Lafmejani
asghari2750@yahoo.com
1
University of Zabol
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamidreza
Nasimi
hnasimee@gmail.com
2
University of Zabol
AUTHOR
1. Abbasiasfjir, A. A., Sam, S., & Amiriyan, R. (2013). Generation gap in values, comparative study of youth and the elderly. Journal of Iranian Social Studies, 10(38), 162-185. [In Persian].
1
2. Afrakhteh, H., Jalalian, H., Anavari, A., & Manouchehri, A. (2017). Role analysis of social capital on the livability of integrated villages in case study: Miandoab. Journal of Rural Development Strategies, 4(3), 415- 441. [In Persian].
2
3. Anabestani, A. A. (2009). Evaluation of the physical effects of guide plan (Case study: West villages of Khorasan Razavi province). Proceedings of the First National Conference on Housing and Physical Development of the Village, Zahedan, October 8-9, 2009, 1-6. [In Persian].
3
4. Anabestani, A. A., & Akbari, M. H. (2012). Assessment of rural guidance plan and its rule in rural physical development from the villager’s view (Case study: Jahrom County). Journal of Human Geography Research, 44(4), 93-110. [In Persian].
4
5. Anabestani, A. A., & Hajipour, Y. (2013). Social and economic effects of implementation of guide plans in rural settlements (Case study: Dena county villages). Journal of Regional Planning, 3(9), 26-13. [In Persian].
5
6. Anabestani, A., Shayan, H., & Ahmadzadeh, S. (2011). Estimating the amount of women's participation imported from social capital in rural areas (Case Study: Darzab Dehastan of Mashhad country). Journal of Applied Researches in Geographical Sciences, 18(21), 69-90. [In Persian].
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7. Arjmand Siahpush, I., & Heidari Zargush, M. (2012). [Effect of communicational means on the lifestyle of rural and nomadic life in Gilan-e-Gharb]. Journal of Social Development Studies, 4(4), 89-103. [In Persian].
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8. Ashoori, J. (2014). Islamic lifestyle, on solution to generation gap of families. Journal of Social Studies, 20(100), 81-102. [In Persian].
8
9. Azkia, M., & Roodbaraki, H. (2009). The survey of generational changes of lifestyle in rural society (Case study: Ahangar Mahalleh village in Gorgan). Social Welfare Quarterly, 10(37), 241-264. [In Persian].
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25. Jun, H., & Xiang, H. (2011). Development of circular economy is a fundamental way to achieve agriculture sustainable development in China. Energy Procedia, 5, 1530-1534.
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26. Kamarbeigi, K. (2010). Generational gap and transitional societies (studying and explaining the problem of generation gap in Ilam). Journal of Ilam Culture, 27, 186-216. [in Persian]
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36. Rabieifar, V., Sanati, M. S., Sashourpour, M., & Hazrati, M. (2015). Analyzing the impact of implementing rural guide plan on the economic-social life quality of Rural Settlements (Case Study: Zanjan Province). Journal of Regional Planning, 5(17), 75- 90. [In Persian].
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48
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49
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of the Model of Sustainable Development Planning in Rural Economy of Iran (Case Study: Yazd Province)
Purpose- The present study was undertaken to explore the model of the sustainable development planning of rural economy in Yazd province.
Design/methodology/approach- This is an applied research that draws on an exploratory approach for data collection and is descriptive-analytical with regard to the description of characteristics. The main research instrument was a questionnaire coupled with semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of the study consisted of government actors in Yazd province, who were selected using multi-stage sampling method.
Findings- The findings of this research indicated that planning sustainable development of rural economy in Yazd province has been consistent with the rational approach in terms of characteristics and compatible with the operational planning in terms of pattern. The central planning process has been top-down, and therefore, the local communities have not been involved in any of the planning processes.
Research limitations / implications-The dominance of the traditional views on planning and the absence of stakeholders and locals in the planning framework has led to seven decades of ineffective development programs in Iran. Therefore, changing the planning pattern from the traditional (rational) to new (interactive-communicative) approach, which would lead to decentralization and the establishment of a public involvement in the planning system, especially in rural development, can help cope with the shortcomings of seven decades of rural development programs in Iran in general, and Yazd province in particular.
Practical implications- Trusting people and utilizing the knowledge of rural people, especially the educated and young people, not only in planning but also in managerial positions such as district deputy in which the candidates are chosen among the local people, use of regional potentials such as Basij of Engineers to set up small knowledge-based circles at the city level and specialization of rural districts are some of the solutions that can trigger rural development under an interactive pattern.
Originality/value: It is also important to identify the model that is employed by the dominant approach to development planning in a country. Based on this model, many features such as the extent of concentration and the role of people in the planning system, the role of local potentials and the limitations in planning, the place of monitoring and evaluation, among other things, in fostering development can be identified.
https://jrrp.um.ac.ir/article_32506_c07f291785c5cd3a46fe2274be147a4d.pdf
2019-08-01
99
118
10.22067/jrrp.v8i3.76886
Sustainable development
Rural economy
Core pattern
Operational planning
Yazd
Mehran
Fatemi
yazdfatemi@yahoo.com
1
Meybod University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hojat
Rezaiee
h.rezaei1367@gmail.com
2
University of Tehran
AUTHOR
Seyyed Hasan
Motiee Langroodi
shmotiee@ut.ac.ir
3
University of Tehran
AUTHOR
Hasan Ali
Faraji Sabokbar
hafaraji@gmail.com
4
University of Tehran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Daban Astaneh
astaneali@ut.ac.ir
5
University of Tehran
AUTHOR
1. Azimi Araei, A., & Noor Mohammadi, Kh. (2012). Iranian economy: development, planning, politics and culture. Tehran: Ney. [In Persian].
1
2. Behzad Nasab, J. A. (2010). Determining the desirable process of rural development planning in the country based on the communication planning approach. Journal of Village and Ddevelopment, 13 (4), 51-74. [In Persian].
2
3. Checkoway, B. (1994). Paul Davidoff and Advocacy Planning in Retrospect. American Planning Association Journal, 60 (2), 139–143.
3
4. Clavel, P. (1994). The evolution of advocacy planning, American Planning Association Journal, 60 (2), 146-149.
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5. Derakhshan, M., & Mehrara, M. (2004). A glance at the issues of Iranian economy. Tehran: The Research Center of the Islamic Consultative Assembly. [In Persian].
5
6. Economic Research Department of Parliament. (2014), about the sixth development plan (2) the need to change attitudes to development, planning and budget committee and calculations, Tehran The Research Center of the Islamic Consultative Assembly.
6
7. Gamal, A. (2010). Appropriating Decentralization: How Urban Poverty Project Triggers Advocacy. University Of Illinois At Urbana-Champaign.
7
8. Ghadiri Ma'soum, M. & Aligholizadeh Firouzjaie, N. (2003). The position of village and agriculture in development plans before the Islamic Revolution of Iran. Journal of Geographical Research, 46 (3) , 115-130. [In Persian].
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9. Gholipour, R.A., & Aghajani, R (2014). Review the development experience of Turkey with emphasis on development plans and its comparison with Iran. Paper presented at the Third Conference on the Islamic-Iranian Model of Progress, Analysis of Common Concepts and Theories of Development and the Experience of Iran and the World: Towards an Iranian- Islamic Theory of Progress (pp 1-16). Tehran: Publishing Center for Islamic-Iranian Model of Development. [In Persian].
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11. Harwood, S. A. (2003). Environmental justice on the streets: advocacy planning as a tool to contest environmental racism. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 23 (24), 1-7.
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12. Khadem Al-Husseini, A. & Arefipour, P. (2012). Participatory urbanism and the role of people in urban planning. Quarterly Journal of Human Resource Planning Studies (Geographical Perspective), 7 (19), 108-123. [In Persian].
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13. Mahmoudi, W., & Majed, W. (2012). Sustainable urban development planning with core planning approach (a proposal for sustainable urban development planning in Tehran). Strategy, 21 (64), 43-72. [In Persian].
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14. Marris, P. (1994). Advocacy planning as a bridge between the professional and the political. APA Journal, 60 (2), 143-146.
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15. Ministry Of Development of Uganda. (2014). The Local Government Development Planning Guidelines, The Republic Of Uganda.
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17. Mousavi Jahromi, Y. (2012). Economic development and planning. (1st Ed.). Tehran: Payame Noor University Press. [In Persian].
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18. Motewaseli, M., Momeni, F., Ranjbar, M.M., & Lajevardi, R. (2017). An opportunity to address the concept of planning in Iran. Journal of Parliament and Strategy, 24 (92), 255-278. [In Persian].
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19. North, D. C. (2003). Understanding the process of economic change, institutional barriers to cconomic Change. Case considered.
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20. Research Center of the Majles. (2011). Appropriate model for planning, decision making and planning concepts and definitions (1st Ed.). Tehran: Planning and Budget Office Publications. [In Persian].
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21. Research Center of the Majles. (2014). A series of studies on optimal planning for Iran. Growth and Development of Land Use. Planning and Budget Organization (Planning Group). [In Persian].
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22. Rezvani, M. R (2001). A glance at to the rural development planning system in Iran. Journal of Geographical Researches, 33 (41), 25-38. [In Persian].
22
23. Roknodin Eftekhari, A. R. & Sajad Qeidari. (2014). Rural development with emphasis on entrepreneurship (definitions, views, and experiences) (3rd Ed.). Tehran: SAMT. [In Persian].
23
24. Roknodin Eftekhari, A. R., Pourtaheri, M., Rahmani Fazli, A.A & Khalifeh, A. (2016). Analysis of pattern of spatial planning management in rural areas of Iran. case study: construction plans in rural areas of Tehran Province. Journal of Planning and Spatial Logistics, 20 (3), 33- 37. [In Persian].
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25. Shakouri, A. (2012). Agricultural Development Policy in Iran. (5th Ed.). Tehran: SAMT. [In Persian].
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26. Tofigh, F. (2004). Experience of several countries in planning with an emphasis on the experience of the former Soviet Union, France, India and South Korea. Tehran: The Institute of Management and Planning Education and Research. [In Persian].
26
27. Wu, F. (2007). Re-orientation of the city plan: Strategic planning and design competition in China. Geoforum Journal, 38 (2), 379-392.
27
28. Zahedi, M. J., Ghaffari, Gh., & Abrahamid Loye, A. (2012). Theoretical shortcomings of rural development planning in Iran, Journal of Rural Researches, 2 (4), 7-30. [In Persian].
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Categorization of North Khorasan Villages in Terms of Indicators of Entrepreneurial Ecotourism Developments (Case Study: Bojnord - Golestan Road)
Purpose- Development of rural areas is one of the challenges of Iran. This has led experts to provide strategic solutions for the development of ecotourism and entrepreneurship, addressing the economic, social and environmental challenges of rural areas. Therefore, the present study aims to categorize9 selected villages in North Khorasan Province located along Bojnord-Golestan Road in terms of indicators of entrepreneurial ecotourism.
Design/methodology/approach- To explore the subject and its results, we recruited descriptive-analytical methods in the form of library research and field studies. For analyzing and collecting data from the literature, entrepreneurial ecotourism indices were classified in four groups of agricultural and livestock potentials, invaluable natural and historical heritage, cultural and social attitudes, and construction and residential infrastructure. The process of categorizing the capabilities, environmental potentials and ecotourism strengths of the 9 villages with respect to these four indicators was performed by SPSS & R software using Fuzzy Hierarchy Process Analysis (FAHP) model.
Findings- Based on the ecotourism indices and the rank of villages specified by the FAHP method, two villages of Dasht and Darkash with average scores of 4.37 and 3.87 had the highest ecotourism ranks and two villages of Shirabad and Keshanak with mean scores of 2.00 and 0.94 had the lowest ranks, respectively. On the other hand, examining the status of indicators of ecotourism development suggested that cultural and social attitude index with a mean of 2.4 hd the highest rank and the index of construction and residential infrastructure with a mean of 2.94 had the lowest rank among 9 villages under study.
Practical implications- Strategic planning for the development of ecotourism in North Khorasan was conducted based on the categorization of villages selected in this research.
Originality/value: Categorization of villages is of paramount importance in the entrepreneurial ecotourism development as it simultaneously focuses on economic, social and natural potentials in rural areas and helps allocate limited financial resources appropriately.
https://jrrp.um.ac.ir/article_32555_6b2e6c820d0776a847a0348c8ae02fcb.pdf
2019-08-01
119
132
10.22067/jrrp.v8i3.78831
Entrepreneurial ecotourism
Rural Development
Fuzzy Analysis Hierarchy Process
northern Khorasan
Mojgan
Ghorbanzadeh
m.ghorbanzadeh@ub.ac.ir
1
University of Bojnord
LEAD_AUTHOR
Parisa
Niloufar
pniloofar@ub.ac.ir
2
University of Bojnord
AUTHOR
1. Asgari, R., Shamsoddini, A. & Kardavani, P. (2018). A prospective entrepreneurship model based on ecotourism in tourism destination villages (Case study: Khourbiabanak County). Journal of Regional Planning, 8 (31). [In Persian].
1
2. Ashtari Mehrjerdi, A. (2004). Ecotourism and sustainability: definitions, dimensions and features. Jihad,24(262), 74-81. [In Persian].
2
3. Bam Shahr-e Toos Consulting Engineers Co. (2013). Tourism feasibility studies of Darkash village. Tehran: Department of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Crafts of North Khorasan. [In Persian].
3
4. Emani Gheshlagh, S., Khani, F., & Hashemi, S.S. (2012). The role of tourism in the development of rural women's entrepreneurship (comparative study: Kandovan and Skandan Village in Osco County). Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 10(18), 217-238. [In Persian].
4
5. Ghanbari, S. (2003). Tourism and sustainable development. Paper presented at The 2nd International Congress of Geographers in the Islamic World (pp: 68-91), September 17, Tehran University. [In Persian].
5
6. Githinji Mwangi, W. (2006). An evaluation of the use of eco-labelling within the eco-tourism sector. (Unpublished Master's Thesis). University of East Anglia. England.
6
7. Heriot, K. C., & Campbell, N. D. (2005, January). A new approach to rural entrepreneurship: A case study of two rural electric cooperatives. Retrived 20 September 2017, from: https:// www.academia.edu/ 21603521/A_New_Approach_to_Rural_Entrepreneurship_A_Case_Study_of_Two_Rural_Electric_Cooperatives.
7
8. Kazemi, M. (2013). Tourism management (7th Ed.) Tehran: SAMT. [In Persian].
8
9. Khatibi, M.R., Fakhimzadeh, H., & Buzarjmehri, Kh. (2012). Feasibility study of agricultural tourism in South Khorasan province using AHP model. Paper presented at National Conference on Agricultural and National Production Based on Land Management.pp:1-13, February 28, Chamber of Commerce, Industries and Mines of Qom Province. [In Persian].
9
10. Kipper, T., Ozdemir, G., & Saglam, C. (2011). Environmental, socio-cultural and economical effects of ecotourism perceived by the local people in the Northwestern Turkey: Kiyiköy Case. Sci. Res, 6(19), 4009-4020.
10
11. Nongsiej, P., & Shimray, S. R. (2017, April). The role of entrepreneurship in tourism industry: An overview. In the national seminar on entreprenerial opportunities for educated youth in global business. At Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India. Retrieved from: https:// www.researchgate.net/ publication/316240958_The_Role_of_Entrepreneurship_in_Tourism_Industry_An_Overview
11
12. North Khorasan Governor. (2015). Comprehensive system of identifying villages in North Khorasan. Retrieved from http://www.abadi.nkhorasan.ir. [In Persian].
12
13. Nugroho, I., Pramukanto, F. H., Negara, P. D., Purnomowati, W., & Wulandari, W. (2016). Promoting the rural development through the ecotourism activities in Indonesia. American Journal of Tourism Management, 5(1), 9-18.
13
14. O’Connor, P. J. (2008). The role of geotourism in supporting regeneration in disadvantaged rural communities in Ireland, Sustainable Tourism III. In Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Tourism (pp. 267-275). https://doi.org/10.2495/ST080261
14
15. Rezvani, M.R., & Najarzadeh, M. (2008). A study of entrepreneurship potentials in villages in process of developing rural areas (Case Study: South Bara'an Dehestan, Isfahan County). Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 1 (2), 162-181. [In Persian].
15
16. Roknoddin Eftekhari, A.R. & Mahdavi, D. (2006). Rural tourism development strategies using SWAT model: Lavasan Kuchak Village. Journal of Modarres Humanities, 1 (2). [In Persian].
16
17. Russell, A., & Wallace, G. (2004). Irresponsible ecotourism. Anthropology today, 20(3), 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0268-540X.2004.00265.x.
17
18. Situmorang, D. B. M., & Mirzanti, I. R. (2012). Social Entrepreneurship to Develop Ecotourism. Procedia Economics and Finance, 4, 398-405.
18
19. Sojasi Qeidari, H. Roknoddin Eftekhari, Ab. & Mahdavi, D. (2016). Sustainable development of tourism entrepreneurship with emphasis on rural areas (1st Ed.). Tehran: SAMT. [In Persian].
19
20. Sojasi Qeidari, H., Roknoddin Eftekhari, A., & Pourtaheri, M. (2014). Prioritization of ecotourism entrepreneurship in rural Areas (Case study: villages with tourism potential in river valleys of Tehran. Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 3 (5) 13-27. [In Persian].
20
21. Sojasi Qeidari, H., Roknoddin Eftekhari, A.R., Pourtaher, M. & Azar, A. (2014). The pattern of entrepreneurship development in ecotourism in rural areas (Case study: Tehran tourism river valleys). Journal of Human Resource Research, 46 (2), 273-29. [In Persian].
21
22. Statistical Center of Iran. (2016). General Census of Population and Housing- North Khorasan. Tehran: SCI Publication. [In Persian].
22
23. Tabriz, I. (2013). Studying the role of ecotourism in rural development; Case study: Sarvabad - Uruman Takhte country (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Zanjan University, Iran. [In Persian].
23
24. Thampi, S. P. (2005,June). Ecotourism in Kerala, India: Lessons from the eco-development project in Periyar Tiger Reserve. (ECOCLUB.com E-Paper series, No.13) Retrived 17 September 2017. From: http://www.ecoclub.com/library/epapers/13.pdf
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Spatial Analysis of Tourism Impacts on the Economy of Rural Areas (Case Study: Rezvanshahr County, Iran)
Purpose- Tourism, as a booming and dominant activity of this century, has a lot of effects in rural areas, including economic effects, which according to different spatial situations can have different intensity and directions of changes and developments. In this regard, this study was codified with the aim of spatial analysis of tourism impacts on rural areas of Rezvanshahr.
Design/methodology/approach- According to the purpose, nature and method, this study is considered as a developmental and descriptive-analytical research, respectively. Documentary and survey methods have been used to obtain the required information and the TOPSIS model has been used to rank the economic and social needs of the villages studied. Using SPSS and GIS software, the collected data was processed and Pearson correlation test was used in inferential analysis of data.
Findings- The results showed that the economic level of villages varies based on four indicators (the income level, unemployment rate, level of facilities and misery rate), the lowest and the highest of which are related to Kish-e-Khaleh village with 0.001 and Punnel village with 0.9056, respectively. Furthermore, the results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant relationship between the independent variable of the number of tourists and dependent variable of the local economy level with a correlation coefficient of 0.626 at a confidence level of 0.99.
Research limitations / implications- The lack of documented information and the indeterminate number of tourists, especially in rural areas, are the most important challenges and problems of the study.
Practical implications- Therefore, according to the findings, It is possible to shape the economic development of villages by developing tourism attractions and actualizing the potential of tourist attraction in settlements.
Originality/value- Numerous studies have, so far, been carried out on tourism and rural economics. However, this study is valued based on the spatial analysis of the economy in the rural areas of the three types of coastal, plain and mountainous/ highland in the district of Rezvanshah and has not been addressed in previous studies.
https://jrrp.um.ac.ir/article_32581_184336c9a7be61c4ce153c3e6a95c03b.pdf
2019-08-01
133
150
10.22067/jrrp.v8i3.80895
Economic Development
Tourism
Rural economy
Rezvanshahr
Fahad
Javan
farhad.javan91@yahoo.com
1
Kharazmi University
AUTHOR
Hasan
Afrakhteh
afrakhtehh@yahoo.com
2
Kharazmi University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vahid
Riyahi
vrali2004@yahoo.com
3
Kharazmi University
AUTHOR
1. Akbarian Ronizi, S.R., & Badri, S.A. (2015). Analysis of the understanding of the effects and consequences of tourism development in rural areas. Journal of Geography & Development, 13(38), 47-62. [In Persian].
1
2. Azami, M., Jalilian, S., & Hashemi Amin. N. (2015). Socio-Economic and Environmental Impact of Sustainable Tourism. Journal of Tourism Planning & Development, 4(14), 154-174. [In Persian].
2
3. Briedenhann, J., & Wickens, E. (2004). Tourism routes as a tool for the economic development of rural areas—vibrant hope or impossible dream?. Tourism management, 25(1), 71-79.
3
4. Crouch, G. I. (1994). The study of international tourism demand: A survey of practice. Journal of Travel Research, 32(4), 41-55.
4
5. Foucat, V. A. (2002). Community-based ecotourism management moving towards sustainability, in Ventanilla, Oaxaca, Mexico. Ocean & Coastal Management, 45(8), 511-529.
5
6. Hadipour, M., Lasemipour, R., & Esmaeili, A. (2016). Participatory management of rural tourism and its role in sustainable development. Tourism Journal, 4(15), 63-68. [In Persian].
6
7. Hajinejad, A., Paydar, E., Bagheri, F. & Abdi, N. (2014). Development of Strategic Plan for Rural Tourism Development in Iran. Journal of Strategic and Macro Policies, 2(8), 111-135. [In Persian].
7
8. Iorio, M., & Corsale, A. (2010). Rural tourism and livelihood strategies in Romania. Journal of Rural Studies, 26(2), 152-162.
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9. Iran Statistics Center. (2016). Land Register of Iran, Rezvanshahr Countty in 2016. Tehran: Iran Statistics Center. [In Persian].
9
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